Violation citation system and method

ABSTRACT

A method is provided. A notice is received from a mobile device indicating that typing within a texting application has occurred substantially simultaneously as forward motion has been detected. The notice includes a timestamp of when the typing and the detection of forward motion occurred. A position of the mobile device is triangulated for the timestamp, and a determination is made as to whether the typing and the detection of forward motion occurred within a predetermined target area using at least a portion of data calculated from the step of triangulating.

CROSS-REFERENCE

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.16/936,790 (now U.S. Pat. No. 11,496,991), which was filed on Jul. 23,2020, and which was titled “TEXT-WALKING VIOLATION CITATION SYSTEM ANDMETHOD” and which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent ApplicationSer. No. 62/877,939, which was filed on Jul. 24, 2019 and which wastitled “TEXT-WALKING VIOLATION CITATION SYSTEM AND METHOD.” Eachapplication is incorporated by reference for all purposes.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The disclosure relates generally to a citation method and system and,more particularly, to a method and system for issuing citation forwalking and texting in prohibited areas.

BACKGROUND

The growing prevalence of cellphones and the common occurrence ofwalking while texting creates dangerously distracting circumstances.Many jurisdictions have passed laws to penalize texting while walking,but the enforcement of such laws would require a law enforcementofficer: (1) to visually identify the infraction; and (2) then todetermine that the time is best spent in writing the citation. Once thecitation is issued, it would then have to be prosecuted likely in acourt. Even if the prosecution is successful, the fine would be minimalrelative to other more substantial violations and would barely warrantenforcement. Needless to say, this process would be very inefficient andwould not further the goal of encouraging safety and reducing accidentsand mishaps of their citizens. In fact, it undermines the entire purposeof increasing the safety of all involved. Therefore, there is a need fora method and/or system for issuing citations for texting and walking.

SUMMARY

An embodiment of the present disclosure, accordingly, provides a methodis provided. The method comprises: receiving a notice from a mobiledevice indicating that typing within a texting application has occurredsubstantially simultaneously as walking has been detected, wherein thenotice includes a timestamp of when the typing and the detection ofwalking occurred; triangulating a position of the mobile device for thetimestamp; and determining whether the typing and the detection ofwalking occurred within a predetermined target area using at least aportion of data calculated from the step of triangulating.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the positionfurther comprises geographical location and elevation.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the methodfurther comprises: issuing a stop notification to the mobile device ifthe typing and the detection of walking occurred within thepredetermined target area; and receiving a stop response notificationfrom the mobile device, wherein the stop response indicates whetheradditional typing within the texting application has occurredsubstantially simultaneously as walking has been detected.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the step oftriangulating further comprises calculating the position based at leastin part on communications between the mobile device and a plurality ofbase stations.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the methodfurther comprises notifying a citation authority of a violation, whereinthe notification includes the timestamp and the position.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the step ofnotifying the citation authority further comprises notifying thecitation authority if the stop response indicates additional typing anddetection of walking has occurred.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the methodfurther comprises issuing a notification to the mobile device indicatingthat the citation authority has been notified.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the step oftriangulating further comprises: determining whether the mobile deviceis monitoring its global positioning system (GPS) position; calculatingthe position based at least in part on communications between the mobiledevice and a plurality of base stations if the mobile device is notmonitoring its GPS position; and calculating the position based at leastin part on communications between the mobile device and a plurality ofbase stations and the mobile device's GPS data if the mobile device ismonitoring its GPS position.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, a system isprovided. The system comprises: a plurality of base stations positionedrelative to one another to form a coverage area, wherein the pluralityof base stations are configured to communicate with a mobile device; anda server that is in communication with the plurality of base stationsand configure to have a server application execute thereon, wherein theserver application is configured to: receive a notice from a mobiledevice indicating that typing within a texting application has occurredsubstantially simultaneously as walking has been detected, wherein thenotice includes a timestamp of when the typing and the detection ofwalking occurred; triangulate a position of the mobile device for thetimestamp, wherein the position further comprises geographical locationand elevation; determine whether the typing and the detection of walkingoccurred within a predetermined target area using at least a portion ofdata calculated from the step of triangulating; issue a stopnotification to the mobile device if the typing and the detection ofwalking occurred within the predetermined target area; and receive astop response notification from the mobile device, wherein the stopresponse indicates whether additional typing within the textingapplication has occurred substantially simultaneously as walking hasbeen detected.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the serverapplication, as configured to triangulate the position, is furtherconfigured to: determine whether the mobile device is monitoring its GPSposition; calculate the position based at least in part oncommunications between the mobile device and a plurality of basestations if the mobile device is not monitoring its GPS position; andcalculate the position based at least in part on communications betweenthe mobile device and a plurality of base stations and the mobiledevice's GPS data if the mobile device is monitoring its GPS position.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the serverapplication is further configured to notify a citation authority of aviolation, wherein the notification includes the timestamp and theposition.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the serverapplication, as configured to notify the citation authority, is furtherconfigured to notify the citation authority if the stop responseindicates additional typing and detection of walking has occurred.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the serverapplication issuing a notification to the mobile device indicating thatthe citation authority has been notified.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the serverfurther comprises a plurality of servers.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, a mobiledevice is provided. The mobile device comprises: a user interface; asensor that is configured to sense motion; communication circuitry thatis configured to communicate with a plurality of base stations and GPSsystem; a processor with memory that is configured to communicate withthe user interface, the sensor, and the communication circuitry; atexting application that is configured to execute on the processor andmemory, wherein the texting application is configured to indicate to theoperating system whether a user is typing a message through the userinterface; a GPS framework that is configured to execute on theprocessor and memory, wherein the GPS framework is configured tocommunicate with the communication circuitry to obtain GPS data; anaccelerometer framework that is configured to execute on the processorand memory, wherein the accelerometer framework is configured tocommunicate with the sensor, and wherein the accelerometer framework isconfigured to calculate whether the user is walking based at least inpart on motion sensed by the sensor; a citation application that isconfigured to execute on the processor and memory, wherein the citationapplication is configured to: receive a first indication from theaccelerometer framework that the user is walking; receive a firstindication from the texting application that the user is typing;determine whether the first texting and walking indications occurredsubstantially simultaneously; recording a first timestamp of when thefirst texting and walking indications occurred; issue a notificationover the communication circuitry that the first texting and walkingindications occurred substantially simultaneously, wherein thenotification includes the first timestamp; receive a stop notificationif the first texting and walking indications, which occurredsubstantially simultaneously, were in a predetermined target area;display the stop notification to the user over the user interface;receive a second indication from the accelerometer framework that theuser is walking; receive a second indication from the textingapplication that the user is typing; determine whether the secondtexting and walking indications occurred substantially simultaneously;and issue a stop response notification over the communication thatindicates whether the second texting and walking indications occurredsubstantially simultaneously.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the mobiledevice further comprises a smartphone or tablet.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the citationapplication is further configured to display a notification receivedover the communications circuitry that indicates that the citationauthority has been notified.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For a more complete understanding of the present invention, and theadvantages thereof, reference is now made to the following descriptionstaken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIGS. 1 and 2 are a system in accordance with a preferred embodiment ofthe present disclosure;

FIG. 3 depicts an example of communications within a mobile device usedin the system of FIGS. 1 and 2 ;

FIGS. 4, 6, and 7 are flow charts that depict examples of communicationsbetween a mobile device and a server in the system of FIGS. 1 and 2 ;and

FIG. 5 depicts an example of communications between a mobile device anda server in the system of FIGS. 1 and 2 .

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Refer now to the drawings wherein depicted elements are, for the sake ofclarity, not necessarily shown to scale and wherein like or similarelements are designated by the same reference numeral through theseveral views.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 , a depiction of an example of a system inaccordance with a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure can beseen. Conventionally, the cell towers or base stations 106-1 to 106-3(for which there may be more for fewer towers than depicted) form anetwork 180 along with a conventional switched packet network (like theInternet). Alternatively or additionally, the base stations 106-1 to106-3 may also include WiFi hotspots or other wireless access pointswhich allow network access through a switched packet network. Thisnetwork 180 allows communications between a mobile device 102 and server108 (which each can have applications installed thereon related tocitation for text-walking). For the sake of simplicity, a single mobiledevice 102 and server 108 are shown, but there can be and usually aremore of each. Additionally, the mobile device 102 can receivepositioning data from the global positions system (GPS) 104.

A carrier (like VERIZON®) would typically install applications on mobiledevices (e.g., 102) that operate with their network. These applicationscan serve a number of purposes ranging from regulatory matters to basicnetwork operation. In some areas (typically, densely populated urbanareas like New York City), municipalities or states impose restrictionsas to when a user may walk and text at the same time, and the ordinancesor laws imposed may force to carrier to install a citation application172 on mobile devices 102 that allow the carrier to report violations oftext-walking ordinances or laws.

Turning first to the mobile device 102 (which can be seen in in FIGS. 2and 3 ), it can operate essentially as a sensor node. As shown, themobile device 102 (which can be any type of mobile device capable ofsending or receiving text messages like smartphones or tablets) isgenerally comprised of a user interface 156, processor and memory 150,communications circuitry 154, and sensor 152. Then, a software stack canoperate on the processor and memory 150. This software stack can begenerally comprised of a kernel layer 158 (e.g., LINUX® kernel) thatperforms the basic operations and coordination for the operating system(OS), a library and hardware abstraction layer (HAL) 160 that interfaceshardware components within the mobile device 102, and an applicationslayer 162.

For this example system, the sensor 152 may be comprised of one or moresensors that can be used for motion sensing (e.g., gyroscope,accelerometer, attention monitor, facial recognition monitors and otherdirectional sensors to establish a potential “texting plane event” wherethe cell user would be orienting the cell phone in a relativelyhorizontal to semi angle relative to the users likely field of vision aswell as typing in a keystroke fashion on a QWERTY or other keyboardconfiguration). Information from the sensor 152 can be communicatedthrough the libraries and HAL 160 (which itself includes a sensorlib/HAL 166). This sensor lib/HAL 166 can determine whether there is a“walking event,” (e.g., 212) and such an event can be reported to thecitation application 172 (in applications layer 162). Typically, forthis reporting of walking event to occur, a request 210 is made (whichitself would usually only occur when the text application 170 isactive). Alternatively, the citation application 172 may operate as adata relay for a cloud-based processing server which could perform atleast a portion of the functionality.

Similarly, the texting application 170 is able to communicate throughthe libraries and HAL layer 160. For example, indicia for texting data(e.g., letters for messages) can be detected through the interfacelib/HAL 164 when a user types on the interface, and complete textmessages can be sent to the communications circuitry 154 through thecomms lib/HAL 168. As such, the texting application 170 is configured todetermine when (e.g., with a timestamp) a user is typing a text message.Such a typing event (e.g., 204) can be reported to the citationapplication 172 as well. This typing detection 204 can typically be doneonce a request 202 has been made. The request 202 usually occurs whenthe user (via the user interface 156) request the texting application170.

Now, turning to the interaction between the server 108 and mobile device102, they can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 4-7 . The server 108 can begenerally comprised of processor 174, interface 178 (which can allowinteraction with network 180 and/or a user), and a database 176. Duringnormal operation (as shown in FIGS. 4, 6, and 7 ), the mobile device 102is able to detect when the typing events (e.g., step 302) and walkingevent (e.g., step 304). When both events occur substantiallysimultaneously or at approximately the same time, the citationapplication 172 records a timestamp for the typing and walking eventsand issues a notification to the server 108 (e.g., 402 or 306) via thecomms lib/HAL 168, communication circuitry 154, and network 180 (towhich an acknowledge 404 is received from server 108).

Once the server 108 (which is usually a carrier's server) has beennotified of a text-walking event of mobile device 102, it can endeavorto determine the location for the event, which can be done with at leasttwo different data sets (e.g., cellular and GPS). As such, the server108 determines whether GPS data (e.g., GPS triangulation data) isavailable (e.g., step 308), and can be delivered when available a datarequest is made (e.g., 310 or 406), acknowledged (e.g., 408), anddelivered (e.g., 410). GPS data, however, may not be available, socellular triangulation can be used. It may also be used in addition toGPS data. There are variety of well-known manners to determine position(e.g., geographical location and elevation) based on cellular data, andthe example illustrated uses pings (e.g., 412-1 to 412-N) andacknowledges (e.g., 414-1 to 414-N). Doing this allows for theestablishment of the signal strength between multiple towers for whichthe position can be easily calculated (e.g., 312). Similarly,already-used received signal strength indications (RSSIs) may be used aswell. With the establishment of position (e.g., geographical locationand elevation), a comparison can be made to known target areas.Typically, the target areas are predefined by ordinances or laws andstored in database 176. The processor 174 usually can make thecomparison.

When a text-walking event occurs within a target area (e.g., on thesidewalk of a particular street within a city), one of three differentoperations (or some combination thereof) can occur, which are depictedin FIGS. 4, 6, and 7 . Additional operations may also be possible. Asshown in example of FIG. 4 , the server 108 can notify the user of theviolation (e.g., by pop-up window or text message) in step 316, and theserver 108 can wait to see whether the behavior ceases. Such a stoprequest may include an emergency response request that would require theuser to respond or acknowledge receipt of the stop notification. Such adetermination of whether the activity has stopped (e.g., in step 318)can be carried out by the citation application 172 which measureswhether additional typing and walking occur following the notificationto the user (e.g., step 316). If the behavior continues, then thecitation authority can be notified in step 320 (which can includetransmission to another server); multiple warning (e.g., repeats of step316) may also be used prior to notification of the citation authority(e.g., step 320). At this point the user can be notified of the alert tothe notification authority. Additionally, the citation or warning can bedelivered either as a pop-up message, a text receipt, an email, ordelivered directly for billing by the carrier. As the policy goal of thesystem to enhance public safety that are many ways to structure thebilling of the fines to as to encourage compliance, including a delayedbilling that can be waived with a period of compliance or a cumulativeviolation alert that leads to a greater offense and perhaps arequirement to appear in court. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 6 , theserver 108 can issue a block command (e.g., step 322) that prevents thetext message application from functioning. As another alternative shownin FIG. 7 , activity can be logged in a cloud database (e.g., database176 or another database in an alternate server) for later use (e.g., bya citation authority or court) in step 324.

Having thus described the present invention by reference to certain ofits preferred embodiments, it is noted that the embodiments disclosedare illustrative rather than limiting in nature and that a wide range ofvariations, modifications, changes, and substitutions are contemplatedin the foregoing disclosure and, in some instances, some features of thepresent disclosure may be employed without a corresponding use of theother features. Accordingly, it is appropriate that the appended claimsbe construed broadly.

The invention claimed is:
 1. A method comprising: receiving a noticefrom a mobile device indicating that typing within a texting applicationhas occurred substantially simultaneously as motion has been detected,wherein the notice includes a timestamp of when the typing and thedetection of motion occurred; triangulating a position of the mobiledevice for the timestamp; and determining whether the typing and thedetection of motion occurred within a predetermined target area using atleast a portion of data calculated from the step of triangulating; andissuing a stop notification to the mobile device if the typing and thedetection of motion occurred within the predetermined target area. 2.The method of claim 1, wherein the position further comprisesgeographical location and elevation.
 3. The method of claim 1, whereinthe method further comprises: receiving a stop response notificationfrom the mobile device, wherein the stop response indicates whetheradditional typing within the texting application has occurredsubstantially simultaneously as motion has been detected.
 4. The methodof claim 1, wherein the step of triangulating further comprisescalculating the position based at least in part on communicationsbetween the mobile device and a plurality of base stations.
 5. Themethod of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises notifying acitation authority of a violation, wherein the notification includes thetimestamp and the position.
 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the stepof notifying the citation authority further comprises notifying thecitation authority if the stop response indicates additional typing anddetection of motion has occurred.
 7. The method of claim 6, wherein themethod further comprises issuing a notification to the mobile deviceindicating that the citation authority has been notified.
 8. The methodof claim 3, wherein the step of triangulating further comprises:determining whether the mobile device is monitoring its globalpositioning system (GPS) position; calculating the position based atleast in part on communications between the mobile device and aplurality of base stations if the mobile device is not monitoring itsGPS position; and calculating the position based at least in part oncommunications between the mobile device and a plurality of basestations and the mobile device's GPS data if the mobile device ismonitoring its GPS position.
 9. The method of claim 8, wherein themethod further comprises notifying a citation authority of a violation,wherein the notification includes the timestamp and the position. 10.The method of claim 9, wherein the step of notifying the citationauthority further comprises notifying the citation authority if the stopresponse indicates additional typing and detection of motion hasoccurred.
 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the method furthercomprises issuing a notification to the mobile device indicating thatthe citation authority has been notified.
 12. A system comprising: aplurality of base stations positioned relative to one another to form acoverage area, wherein the plurality of base stations are configured tocommunicate with a mobile device; and a server that is in communicationwith the plurality of base stations and configure to have a serverapplication execute thereon, wherein the server application isconfigured to: receive a notice from a mobile device indicating thattyping within a texting application has occurred substantiallysimultaneously as motion has been detected, wherein the notice includesa timestamp of when the typing and the detection of motion occurred;triangulate a position of the mobile device for the timestamp, whereinthe position further comprises geographical location and elevation;determine whether the typing and the detection of motion occurred withina predetermined target area using at least a portion of data calculatedfrom the step of triangulating; issue a stop notification to the mobiledevice if the typing and the detection of motion occurred within thepredetermined target area; and receive a stop response notification fromthe mobile device, wherein the stop response indicates whetheradditional typing within the texting application has occurredsubstantially simultaneously as motion has been detected.
 13. The systemof claim 12, wherein the server application, as configured totriangulate the position, is further configured to: determine whetherthe mobile device is monitoring its GPS position; calculate the positionbased at least in part on communications between the mobile device and aplurality of base stations if the mobile device is not monitoring itsGPS position; and calculate the position based at least in part oncommunications between the mobile device and a plurality of basestations and the mobile device's GPS data if the mobile device ismonitoring its GPS position.
 14. The system of claim 13, wherein theserver application is further configured to notify a citation authorityof a violation, wherein the notification includes the timestamp and theposition.
 15. The system of claim 12, wherein the server application, asconfigured to notify the citation authority, is further configured tonotify the citation authority if the stop response indicates additionaltyping and detection of motion has occurred.
 16. The system of claim 15,wherein the server application issuing a notification to the mobiledevice indicating that the citation authority has been notified.
 17. Thesystem of claim 16, wherein the server further comprises a plurality ofservers.
 18. A mobile device comprising: a user interface; a sensor thatis configured to sense motion; communication circuitry that isconfigured to communicate with a plurality of base stations and GPSsystem; a processor with memory that is configured to communicate withthe user interface, the sensor, and the communication circuitry; atexting application that is configured to execute on the processor andmemory, wherein the texting application is configured to indicate to theoperating system whether a user is typing a message through the userinterface; a GPS framework that is configured to execute on theprocessor and memory, wherein the GPS framework is configured tocommunicate with the communication circuitry to obtain GPS data; anaccelerometer framework that is configured to execute on the processorand memory, wherein the accelerometer framework is configured tocommunicate with the sensor, and wherein the accelerometer framework isconfigured to calculate whether the user is motion based at least inpart on motion sensed by the sensor; a citation application that isconfigured to execute on the processor and memory, wherein the citationapplication is configured to: receive a first indication from theaccelerometer framework that the user is motion; receive a firstindication from the texting application that the user is typing;determine whether the first texting and motion indications occurredsubstantially simultaneously; recording a first timestamp of when thefirst texting and motion indications occurred; issue a notification overthe communication circuitry that the first texting and motionindications occurred substantially simultaneously, wherein thenotification includes the first timestamp; receive a stop notificationif the first texting and motion indications, which occurredsubstantially simultaneously, were in a predetermined target area;display the stop notification to the user over the user interface;receive a second indication from the accelerometer framework that theuser is motion; receive a second indication from the texting applicationthat the user is typing; determine whether the second texting and motionindications occurred substantially simultaneously; and issue a stopresponse notification over the communication that indicates whether thesecond texting and motion indications occurred substantiallysimultaneously.
 19. The mobile device of claim 18, wherein the mobiledevice further comprises a smartphone or tablet.
 20. The mobile deviceof claim 19, wherein the citation application is further configured todisplay a notification received over the communications circuitry thatindicates that the citation authority has been notified.